NOTE: I fumble a few definitions and facts in this video (perhaps appropriately) - please be sure to check out some of the links below for a better understanding than I can provide here!
Statements can be true, false, or nonsensical. Analytic philosophy was developed to figure out how to tell the difference, and the current tradition of analytic philosophy strives to make thinking as clear and precise as possible so it’s not hard to do so.
Reddit commentary (be sure to read MaceWumpus’s fantastic critique!) - http://www.reddit.com/r/philosophy/comments/2fzzvv/mistaking_intuition_for_logic_results_in/
Ludwig Wittgenstein’s “Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus” - http://www.gutenberg.org/files/5740/5740-pdf.pdf?session_id=f1c7980ec34aae7660d00a961aadabc71a0ae39f
Frege’s “Method for the Notation of Thought” - http://dec59.ruk.cuni.cz/~kolmanv/Begriffsschrift.pdf
An introduction to modern symbolic logic - http://tellerprimer.ucdavis.edu/pdf/
An interview with famous English philosopher A.J. Ayer on Frege and Russell - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7WnkGaLHhy0